Tagewerk XXXII
Kernel-attested complex Hadamard matrix of order 94 (Szöllősi 2026)
A 2026 existence resolution in a domain new to the ledger — complex Hadamard matrices — independently reconstructed and kernel-attested. A complex Hadamard matrix of order n is an n x n matrix with entries in {1,-1,i,-i} and H H* = n I; whether one exists in order 94 was open. Szollosi (arXiv:2603.09572) settles it (Theorem 1) by a Goethals-Seidel-style construction: four circulant {-1,1}-matrices A,B,C,D of order 47, with A,B symmetric and A A^T+B B^T+C C^T+D D^T = 188 I, assemble (with R the back-diagonal) into a complex Hadamard matrix of order 94. The hard part is the computer search for the four sequences; verification is exact and self-certifying (the search is not part of the certificate). Leibniz reconstructs A,B,C,D from the length-47 rows printed in the paper — both Example 1 and, independently, Example 2 — and verifies by exact integer arithmetic: the published anchors (row sums 3,7,7,9 / -1,-5,9,9 and summed autocorrelation norm 796 / 1116, peaks 14 / 18), that A,B are symmetric, that A A^T+B B^T+C C^T+D D^T = 188 I, and that the assembled 94x94 matrix is unimodular in {1,-1,i,-i} and satisfies H H* = 94 I — i.e. a complex Hadamard matrix of order 94 (both examples). The Lean 4.31 kernel re-decides the finite structural core by plain decide: eq (1) written as the vanishing of the summed periodic autocorrelations at every nonzero shift (equivalent, since the four Gram matrices are circulant, and far cheaper than the dense 188x188 product) plus the symmetry of A,B — exactly the hypotheses Theorem 4 turns into the order-94 matrix — for both examples, with a negative control (one flipped sign breaks eq (1)); every theorem depends on at most [propext]. The dense 94x94 H H* = 94 I is carried by the exact integer procedure. Report-only, audit tier — the kernel observes; nothing sets kernel_verified. LLMs propose nothing; exact integer arithmetic and the kernel decide.
Verdicts — machine-adjudicated (4)
- CERTIFIED exists-order-94 A complex Hadamard matrix of order 94 exists (previously open)
Reconstructed from the paper's length-47 sequences; the assembled 94x94 matrix is unimodular in {1,-1,i,-i} and satisfies H H* = 94 I, verified directly by exact integer arithmetic for both of the paper's examples.
- CERTIFIED eq1 The four circulant {-1,1}-matrices satisfy A A^T+B B^T+C C^T+D D^T = 188 I
Verified as the vanishing of the summed periodic autocorrelations of A,B,C,D at every nonzero shift (equal to 188 at shift 0) — equivalent to eq (1) because each Gram matrix is circulant. A,B are symmetric, as Theorem 4 requires.
- CERTIFIED faithful The transcription matches the paper's published invariants
Row sums (3,7,7,9 / -1,-5,9,9) and the summed autocorrelation norm ||Sigma|| (796 / 1116, peaks 14 / 18) reproduce the paper exactly, for both examples — a faithfulness anchor on the reconstruction.
- CERTIFIED kernel Lean 4.31 re-decides eq (1) + symmetry for both examples, plus a negative control
had94_eq1_{example1,example2} (autocorrelations vanish), had94_sym_{example1,example2} (A,B symmetric), had94_control (a flipped sign makes eq (1) false). #print axioms: at most [propext]; no native_decide, no sorry.
Re-runnable artifacts
- hadamard94.lean ↓ sha256 270caec33f37…
Files download verbatim from this site — the exact kernel-checked bytes (verify the SHA-256). See how to re-verify.
Repositories — the code trail
- produced elementalcollision/leibniz-daemon (complex Hadamard matrix of order 94) docs/crt/hadamard94.lean + scripts/verify_hadamard94.py (reconstruct the four circulants; exact integer eq (1) = 188 I + assembled H H* = 94 I; Lean 4.31 decide of eq (1) via autocorrelations)
References
- Szollosi, F. (2026). A complex Hadamard matrix of order 94 (arXiv:2603.09572). https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09572
- Goethals, J. M., & Seidel, J. J. (1970). A skew Hadamard matrix of order 36. Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society, 11, 343-344. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1446788700006674
- Kharaghani, H., & Seberry, J. (1993). The excess of complex Hadamard matrices. Graphs and Combinatorics, 9, 47-56. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01195325